Diet Guide

by Land Hermit Crab Education Center

 

When most people think about hermit crabs, they envision small, hardy creatures shuffling around in decorative shells. Unfortunately, this image overshadows a serious issue in hermit crab care: the lack of proper nutrition. For decades, hermit crabs have been marketed as low-maintenance pets, often with little to no guidance on their complex dietary needs. This widespread misinformation has led to a hidden crisis that severely impacts the well-being of countless hermit crabs.

The Misconception of Commercial Diets

Walk into any pet store, and you will likely find commercial hermit crab food advertised as “complete” and “nutritious.” However, these products often fall far short of meeting the dietary requirements of hermit crabs. Many are packed with harmful preservatives, artificial dyes, and low-quality ingredients that don’t provide the variety of nutrients hermit crabs need. Worse still, some contain ethoxyquin or copper sulfate, which are toxic to crabs in the long run.

In the wild, hermit crabs forage for a wide range of food, including fruits, vegetables, proteins, calcium sources, and even leaves and bark. This natural diet is rich in vitamins, minerals, and essential nutrients. Expecting them to thrive on highly processed pellets is unrealistic and, frankly, dangerous.

The Importance of a Balanced Diet

Hermit crabs require a diverse diet that mimics what they would find in their natural environment. Without it, they suffer from nutritional deficiencies that can lead to weakened exoskeletons, poor molting, and even death. Key elements of a balanced diet include:

Proteins

Vital for growth and molting, crabs need high-quality protein sources such as seafood, eggs, and lean meats.

Calcium

Essential for strong exoskeletons, calcium can be found in cuttlebone, eggshells, and natural coral.

Fruits & Vegetables

These provide essential vitamins and minerals. Fresh, pesticide-free options are always best.

Leaf Litter and Moss

Often overlooked, but crabs enjoy munching on leaf litter and moss, which provide fiber and beneficial microorganisms.

What Happens Without Proper Nutrition?

When deprived of a varied and nutritious diet, hermit crabs can suffer from a range of health issues, many of which are preventable. Some common consequences include:

Failed Molts

Molting is a delicate process, and without the right nutrients, hermit crabs may have incomplete or fatal molts.

Weak Exoskeletons

Calcium deficiencies can cause soft, fragile exoskeletons, making crabs more susceptible to injury.

Lethargy and Behavioral Issues

Hermit crabs that lack energy-rich foods may become sluggish and show little interest in foraging or climbing, which are natural behaviors.

 How to Improve Hermit Crab Nutrition

Caring for hermit crabs means providing them with a wide range of safe, natural foods that meet their nutritional needs. Here are some tips to ensure your hermit crabs get the nutrients they need to thrive:

Offer Variety

Rotate different food items like seafood, fresh vegetables, fruits, and calcium sources regularly.

Choose Natural Options

Avoid commercial foods with preservatives or artificial ingredients. Instead, opt for fresh or dried foods free from chemicals.
- Incorporate Foraging: Encourage natural foraging behaviors by providing safe enrichment items like leaf litter, moss, and bark.

Supplements

Occasionally offer calcium-rich supplements like cuttlebone, egg shells or natural coral to ensure your crabs are getting enough calcium.

The Role of Awareness in Hermit Crab Care

One of the greatest barriers to better hermit crab nutrition is awareness. Many new owners simply aren’t aware of the unique needs of these animals, and the available care guides don’t emphasize the importance of diet. By spreading accurate information, we can improve the health and longevity of hermit crabs in captivity and ensure that they live fulfilling, natural lives.

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Proteins and lipids 

All meats, meat fats, domestic, fish, seafood (silversides, goldfish, clams, oysters, crab, shrimp, tuna, salmon (skin and fat) bone marrow), nut meats, avocado (meat only), bamboo stalks (not lucky bamboo), egg yolks, pumpkin seeds. 

Oils (preferably cold pressed): coconut, olive, palm, sunflower, pumpkin seed 

Alfalfa hay, broccoli, egg whites, flax seed, bloodworm, plankton, shrimp, kale, lentils, millet, rice, snap peas, soy beans, spinach, wheat germ, quinoa, spirulina. 

Benefit: growth, molting, fueling metabolic function, discourages cannibalism 

 

Carotenoids, Zeaxanthin, Cellulose 

Tannin rich leaves, bark, cambium (inner skins) of oak, maple, mangrove root, some perennial leaves (Burning Bush). Fresh fruits and vegetables that are orange/yellow/red/dark green: Squash, sweet potato, carrots, corn, mango, blueberries, many flower petals (dry), spinach, fall foliage, bean sprouts, seaweed (especially spirulina), moss, acorn meat, avocado meat (only), bell peppers (orange, yellow, red), brussel sprouts, cilantro, collards, corn, corn meal, dandelion greens, egg yolk, grape leaves, romaine, papaya, parsley, peas, raspberry 

(leaves too), snap beans, pumpkin, pineapple, persimmon, peaches, passion fruit, microalgae, mango, apricot, cantaloupe, chard, guava, shellfish, salmon, tomato. Astaxanthin is found in microalgae, yeast, salmon, trout, krill, shrimp, crayfish, crustaceans, and the feathers of some birds. Benefit: immune system, nervous system, color enhancement 

 

Carbohydrates 

• Coconut, walnut, whole fish (like a dead goldfish), fish skin, animal fat, olive oil, some grass seeds, seeds, peanut 
• butter. Fresh flower petals: roses, sunflower, crab apple blossom 

 

Calcium 

Freeze dried brine shrimp, meal worms, blood worms, krill (fresh, frozen, freeze dried), sand dollars, starfish, sea urchin, powdered oyster shells, cuttle bone, figs, microalgae, nuts, okra, quinoa, broccoli heads, amaranth, beans, molasses, egg shells, milk, bone meal, seaweeds. 

Benefit: healthy exo and other functions Chitin 

Shrimp, crab, lobster, crawfish (shellfish should be boiled first), insect exoskeletons (such as cicadas), mushrooms. Greensand, worm castings.

Hermit crabs missing one or both claws should be fed soft (liquid) foods that can be picked up by the maxillipeds. Honey or molasses mixed with other foods is a good food for highly stressed crabs or clawless crabs but only in a tiny drop. Generally speaking most foods are equally valuable and getting the hermit crab to eat is more important than what it eats to begin with. Offering favorite foods to stimulate the appetite and fuel the metabolic function is your starting point, from there begin to incorporate foods from all of the above groups so that the crab has access to what its body needs to recover. Hermit crabs that are inactive and/or appear ‘dry could be lacking something. 

 

Note: 

Some dry foods (egg shells, grains, seeds, flowers, seaweed) can be sprinkled into the crabitat to encourage foraging behavior. 

Greensand and worm castings should be available at all times. 

 

Here’s a detailed safe food list for hermit crabs, broken down by category, with a focus on value and variety. These foods help support their health and well-being. 

Animal Proteins 

Hermit crabs need protein to grow and maintain their exoskeletons. 

- Dried/Cooked shrimp – High in protein and calcium. 

- Mealworms (dried or dead,) – Rich in protein and fats. 

- Boiled eggs (crushed shell included)– Excellent calcium source. 

- Cuttlefish bone– Great for calcium.

 

Vegetables 

 Fresh vegetables provide vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. 

- Carrots – High in beta-carotene, which enhances shell color. 

- Sweet potato - Packed with fiber, beta-carotene, and energy. 

- Kale - Rich in vitamins A, C, K, and calcium. (Needs to be cooked) 

- Zucchini - Hydrating and full of essential vitamins. 

- Spinach– Contains lutein and iron. (Needs to be cooked) 

 

Seeds & Grains

These are great for energy and nutritional balance. 

- Chia seeds – High in omega-3 fatty acids and fiber. 

- Quinoa – A complete protein source, rich in amino acids.

- Flaxseed – Loaded with omega-3 and antioxidants. 

- Millet – Nutrient-dense, with vitamins B and iron. 

 

Nuts 

 A good source of fats, protein, and antioxidants. 

- Walnuts - High in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. 

- Almonds – Rich in protein, fiber, and healthy fats. 

- Pecans - Provide antioxidants and a good fat source.

- Hazelnuts - Packed with vitamins and minerals.

 

Fruits 

Hermit crabs love fruits, which provide hydration, vitamins, and natural sugars. 

- Blueberries - High in antioxidants and anthocyanins.

- Apples (remove seeds) – A source of fiber and hydration. 

- Papaya - Contains digestive enzymes and vitamins. 

Mango - Rich in vitamins A, C, and antioxidants. 

 

**Foraged Greens & Plants** 

Hermit crabs benefit from foraging on natural plants. 

Dandelion greens 

A good source of calcium and vitamins. Plantain leaves 

High in fiber and healing properties. Hibiscus flowers 

Vitamin C and antioxidants. 

Anthocyanin-Rich Foods 

These provide powerful antioxidants that boost health and enhance color. 

Purple cabbage 

Anthocyanins and vitamin C. 

Blackberries 

Rich in antioxidants and nutrients. Chokeberries 

Another excellent source of anthocyanins. Red grapes 

Provide hydration and antioxidants. Supplements & Boosters 

Provide these at all times to boost their nutritional intake. 

Worm castings 

A natural source of nutrients and minerals.

Green sand 

Full of minerals. 

Bee pollen 

Vitamins, protein, and enzymes. 

Cuttlefish bone & Egg shells 

A constant source of calcium for 

exoskeleton health. 

Beta-Carotene-Rich Foods 

These enhance the vibrant colors of your crabs' exoskeletons. 

Pumpkin 

Rich in beta-carotene and fiber. 

Red bell peppers 

High in vitamin C and beta-carotene. Butternut squash 

Contains beta-carotene, fiber, and vitamins. Carrots 

Loaded with beta-carotene for healthy coloring. 

 

Fat Sources 

Essential fats help hermit crabs maintain energy and healthy growth. 

- Coconut oil 

A good fat source for energy and shell care. Sunflower seeds 

High in fats and nutrients. 

Hemp seeds 

Contain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Salmon oil 

Rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Lutein & Zeaxanthin-Rich Foods 

These protect eyesight and enhance overall health. 

Marigold petals 

High in lutein and antioxidants. 

- Peas – Rich in lutein and protein. Collard greens 

Packed with lutein, calcium, and fiber. (Need to be cooked) 

Corn kernels 

Contains zeaxanthin and offers fiber. – 

 

General Feeding Tips 

- Always wash fruits, vegetables, and foraged items thoroughly to remove pesticides and chemicals. 

- Avoid foods that contain salt, 

preservatives, or artificial ingredients. 

- Offer a wide variety to ensure a balanced diet and prevent boredom. 

- Replace uneaten food regularly to prevent spoilage and mold.

This detailed list covers a broad spectrum of safe, nutritious foods to help hermit crabs thrive!

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By being mindful of the food we offer our hermit crabs, we can drastically improve their health, happiness, and longevity. With proper care, including a nutrient-rich diet, hermit crabs can thrive and become fascinating, long-term companions.

Safe Food List 

By Land Hermit Crab Education Center

Safe List 

Alfalfa 

Almonds, crushed 

Aloe Vera (Asphodelaceaes) Offer in moderation 

Amaranth (calcium) 

Anchovy oil 

Apple and natural, unsweetened apple sauce Apricot (fruit only) 

Artichoke (all) 

Asparagus 

Aspen (wood,leaves,bark) 

Avocado (flesh only) 

Baby foods (no added salt/sugar) 

Banana 

Barley (calcium) 

Beans (all-cooked) 

Beets 

Bell peppers (red, yellow, orange, green or purple) 

Bee pollen 

Berries (all varieties safe for human consumption) 

Bilberries/Huckleberries 

Blackberry fruit and leaves 

Bladderwrack 

Blueberries 

Bok choy 

Bone Meal (no additives, preservatives) Bones - cooked or raw 

Broccoli and leaves -cooked 

Brown rice 

Buckwheat 

Cantaloupe 

Carnation flowers 

Carrots (carotenoids) 

Carrot tops Cashews 

Cat Tails 

Cauliflower and leaves 

Celery leaves 

Chamomile flowers 

Chard

Cherimoya/Custard Appleripe ( fruit only) Cherry 

Chestnuts (The kind for people. USA Horse Chestnuts are toxic but in the UK they call the regular Chestnuts Horse Chestnuts)

Chia seeds and sprouts 

Chickpeas 

Cholla wood 

Clams 

Clover blossoms and leaves 

Coconut and coconut oil 

Cod liver oil 

Collards (calcium) 

Cork bark 

Corn (on the cob, too) 

Cornflower 

Cornmeal 

Cranberries 

Crustaceans (all shellfish must be cooked)

Cucumber 

Currants 

Cuttlefish bone, powdered 

Dandelion flowers, leaves and roots Dates 

Dragon Fruit 

Eggs (cooked or raw and shells) 

Elm 

Escargot 

Extra-virgin olive oil 

Figs 

Fish (any type safe for human consumption) 

Fish Oil 

Flax seeds and oil 

Fowl (chicken, turkey, duck, pheasant, game birds) 

Freekah 

Frozen fish food (algae, krill and brine shrimp) 

Fruit (common fruits consumed by humans are safe) 

Garbanzos (calcium) 

Goji Berries 

Grape Leaf 

Grapes 

Grapevine (vines and root) 

Green and red leaf lettuce or iceberg; dark green) 

Green Beans 

Greensand 

Hempseed 

Hibiscus flowers 

Hickory (all parts) 

Hikari products: brine shrimp, krill, crab cuisine, sea plankton (no preservatives, ethoxyquin, copper sulfate) 

Hollyhock flowers 

Honeydew Melon 

Honeysuckle (flowers only, no leaves or stems) 

Huckleberries/Bilberries 

Irish Moss 

Impatiens flowers 

Jasmine flowers 

Kale 

Kelp (calcium) 

Kiwi 

Lilac (flowers, leaves and wood) Lobster with crushed exoskeleton Mango 

Marigold flowers (calendula) 

MarionBerries 

May Apple (Ripe fruit ONLY) 

Meat (poultry, beef, pork, lamb etc) Melons (all) 

Mice 

Millet 

Mollusks 

Mulberry (fruit, leaves, wood) 

Mushrooms 

Mussels 

Nasturtium flowers 

Nettle (wilted) 

Nopals (prickly pear) 

Nuts (all) 

Oak Leaves and bark 

Oats 

Okra 

Olive and olive oil (extra virgin) 

Oranges

Oysters (zinc) and shells (whole or crushed w/no sharp edges) 

Pansy flowers and leaves 

Papaya 

Parsley 

Parsnip 

Passionfruit 

Peas 

Peaches 

Peanut butter (avoid sugar, corn syrup and hydrogenated oils) 

Pears 

Pecans 

Pecan bark 

Persimmon 

Petunias 

Pine nuts 

Pineapple 

Plain calcium carbonate powder 

Plums 

Pomegranate 

Popcorn (unseasoned, unflavored, unbuttered) 

Poplar (wood,leaves,bark) 

Potato (no green parts, including eyes) Prickly Pear (shellfish must be cooked)

Pumpkin (seed, meat and guts) 

Quinoa (New World grain – calcium)

Raisins (no sulphur dioxide) 

Raspberry 

Red raspberry leaves 

Rice (puffed or well washed, cooked to remove arsenic) 

Rooibus 

Rose petals 

Rose hips 

Royal Jelly 

Salmon 

Sand dollars 

Sardines in water 

Scallops 

Sea biscuits 

Sea fan (red or black) 

Sea grasses 

Sea salt 

Sea sponges 

Sea urchins 

Sesame seeds 

Shellfish (must be cooked) 

Shrimp and exoskeletons 

Spinach (cooked) 

Spirulina 

Sprouts (flax, wheat, bean, alfalfa) Squash and blossoms 

Strawberry and tops 

Sunflower Seeds, flowers and leaves Swamp cypress wood (false cypress, taxodium) 

Sweet potato 

Tahini 

Tangerine 

Timothy Hay 

Tomato 

Turmeric 

Tuna 

Turnip greens 

Violet flowers 

Venison 

Walnuts-meat only 

Watercress 

Watermelon 

Wheat grass 

Wheat 

Wheat germ 

Whitefish 

Whole Wheat Couscous 

Worm Castings 

Zucchini 

 

*With flowers and plants pesticide free is a must. 

 

Proteins and lipids 

All meats, meat fats, domestic, fish, seafood (silversides, goldfish, clams, oysters, crab, shrimp, tuna, salmon (skin and fat) bone marrow), nut meats, avocado (meat only), bamboo stalks (not lucky bamboo), egg yolks, pumpkin seeds. 

Oils (preferably cold pressed): coconut, olive, palm, sunflower, pumpkin seed 

Alfalfa hay, broccoli, egg whites, flax seed, bloodworm, plankton, shrimp, kale, lentils, millet, rice, snap peas, soy beans, spinach, wheat germ, quinoa, spirulina. 

Benefit: growth, molting, fueling metabolic function, discourages cannibalism 

 

Carotenoids, Zeaxanthin, Cellulose 

Tannin rich leaves, bark, cambium (inner skins) of oak, maple, mangrove root, some perennial leaves (Burning Bush). Fresh fruits and vegetables that are orange/yellow/red/dark green: Squash, sweet potato, carrots, corn, mango, blueberries, many flower petals (dry), spinach, fall foliage, bean sprouts, seaweed (especially spirulina), moss, acorn meat, avocado meat (only), bell peppers (orange, yellow, red), brussel sprouts, cilantro, collards, corn, corn meal, dandelion greens, egg yolk, grape leaves, romaine, papaya, parsley, peas, raspberry 

(leaves too), snap beans, pumpkin, pineapple, persimmon, peaches, passion fruit, microalgae, mango, apricot, cantaloupe, chard, guava, shellfish, salmon, tomato. Astaxanthin is found in microalgae, yeast, salmon, trout, krill, shrimp, crayfish, crustaceans, and the feathers of some birds. Benefit: immune system, nervous system, color enhancement 

 

Carbohydrates 

• Coconut, walnut, whole fish (like a dead goldfish), fish skin, animal fat, olive oil, some grass seeds, seeds, peanut 
• butter. Fresh flower petals: roses, sunflower, crab apple blossom 

 

Calcium 

Freeze dried brine shrimp, meal worms, blood worms, krill (fresh, frozen, freeze dried), sand dollars, starfish, sea urchin, powdered oyster shells, cuttle bone, figs, microalgae, nuts, okra, quinoa, broccoli heads, amaranth, beans, molasses, egg shells, milk, bone meal, seaweeds. 

Benefit: healthy exo and other functions Chitin 

Shrimp, crab, lobster, crawfish (shellfish should be boiled first), insect exoskeletons (such as cicadas), mushrooms. Greensand, worm castings.

Hermit crabs missing one or both claws should be fed soft (liquid) foods that can be picked up by the maxillipeds. Honey or molasses mixed with other foods is a good food for highly stressed crabs or clawless crabs but only in a tiny drop. Generally speaking most foods are equally valuable and getting the hermit crab to eat is more important than what it eats to begin with. Offering favorite foods to stimulate the appetite and fuel the metabolic function is your starting point, from there begin to incorporate foods from all of the above groups so that the crab has access to what its body needs to recover. Hermit crabs that are inactive and/or appear ‘dry could be lacking something. 

 

Note: 

Some dry foods (egg shells, grains, seeds, flowers, seaweed) can be sprinkled into the crabitat to encourage foraging behavior. 

Greensand and worm castings should be available at all times. 

 

Here’s a detailed safe food list for hermit crabs, broken down by category, with a focus on value and variety. These foods help support their health and well-being. 

Animal Proteins 

Hermit crabs need protein to grow and maintain their exoskeletons. 

- Dried/Cooked shrimp – High in protein and calcium. 

- Mealworms (dried or dead,) – Rich in protein and fats. 

- Boiled eggs (crushed shell included)– Excellent calcium source. 

- Cuttlefish bone– Great for calcium.

 

Vegetables 

 Fresh vegetables provide vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. 

- Carrots – High in beta-carotene, which enhances shell color. 

- Sweet potato - Packed with fiber, beta-carotene, and energy. 

- Kale - Rich in vitamins A, C, K, and calcium. (Needs to be cooked) 

- Zucchini - Hydrating and full of essential vitamins. 

- Spinach– Contains lutein and iron. (Needs to be cooked) 

 

Seeds & Grains

These are great for energy and nutritional balance. 

- Chia seeds – High in omega-3 fatty acids and fiber. 

- Quinoa – A complete protein source, rich in amino acids.

- Flaxseed – Loaded with omega-3 and antioxidants. 

- Millet – Nutrient-dense, with vitamins B and iron. 

 

Nuts 

 A good source of fats, protein, and antioxidants. 

- Walnuts - High in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. 

- Almonds – Rich in protein, fiber, and healthy fats. 

- Pecans - Provide antioxidants and a good fat source.

- Hazelnuts - Packed with vitamins and minerals.

 

Fruits 

Hermit crabs love fruits, which provide hydration, vitamins, and natural sugars. 

- Blueberries - High in antioxidants and anthocyanins.

- Apples (remove seeds) – A source of fiber and hydration. 

- Papaya - Contains digestive enzymes and vitamins. 

Mango - Rich in vitamins A, C, and antioxidants. 

 

**Foraged Greens & Plants** 

Hermit crabs benefit from foraging on natural plants. 

Dandelion greens 

A good source of calcium and vitamins. Plantain leaves 

High in fiber and healing properties. Hibiscus flowers 

Vitamin C and antioxidants. 

Anthocyanin-Rich Foods 

These provide powerful antioxidants that boost health and enhance color. 

Purple cabbage 

Anthocyanins and vitamin C. 

Blackberries 

Rich in antioxidants and nutrients. Chokeberries 

Another excellent source of anthocyanins. Red grapes 

Provide hydration and antioxidants. Supplements & Boosters 

Provide these at all times to boost their nutritional intake. 

Worm castings 

A natural source of nutrients and minerals.

Green sand 

Full of minerals. 

Bee pollen 

Vitamins, protein, and enzymes. 

Cuttlefish bone & Egg shells 

A constant source of calcium for 

exoskeleton health. 

Beta-Carotene-Rich Foods 

These enhance the vibrant colors of your crabs' exoskeletons. 

Pumpkin 

Rich in beta-carotene and fiber. 

Red bell peppers 

High in vitamin C and beta-carotene. Butternut squash 

Contains beta-carotene, fiber, and vitamins. Carrots 

Loaded with beta-carotene for healthy coloring. 

 

Fat Sources 

Essential fats help hermit crabs maintain energy and healthy growth. 

- Coconut oil 

A good fat source for energy and shell care. Sunflower seeds 

High in fats and nutrients. 

Hemp seeds 

Contain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Salmon oil 

Rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Lutein & Zeaxanthin-Rich Foods 

These protect eyesight and enhance overall health. 

Marigold petals 

High in lutein and antioxidants. 

- Peas – Rich in lutein and protein. Collard greens 

Packed with lutein, calcium, and fiber. (Need to be cooked) 

Corn kernels 

Contains zeaxanthin and offers fiber. – 

 

General Feeding Tips 

- Always wash fruits, vegetables, and foraged items thoroughly to remove pesticides and chemicals. 

- Avoid foods that contain salt, 

preservatives, or artificial ingredients. 

- Offer a wide variety to ensure a balanced diet and prevent boredom. 

- Replace uneaten food regularly to prevent spoilage and mold.

This detailed list covers a broad spectrum of safe, nutritious foods to help hermit crabs thrive!

Water Care

Pools

Hermit crabs require a salt water pool AND fresh water pool. Pools should be big enough for your largest hermit crab to fully submerge. There must be easy access for them to get in and out of the pools so they don't drown. I always recommend The Lucky Crab Co pools. They are 3D printed and made for hermit crabs and come in a variety of sizes to choose from. They have little stair cases for an easy entry and exit, and have a built in bubbler system!

Fresh Water

Use tap water and add Seachem Prime. Tap water has beneficial minerals, and the Seachem Prime removes the harmful chemicals in the tap water. Seachem Prime is a MUST to make the water safe for your hermit crabs. Seachem Prime should be used in both fresh and saltwater pools.

*One drop of Prime treats a 1/2 gallon of water.

Salt Water

Get an empty gallon jug of water and fill with tap water. Add 1 cup of Instant Ocean. Shake well and use as needed to refill saltwater pool. Add your Seachem Prime drops in saltwater pool as well. 

*1 cup of Instant Ocean per gallon of water.

Bubblers

Adding a bubbler system to your pools is a great way to keep your hermit crabs water fresh for longer, add enrichment, and can help aid in higher humidity levels. 

Bubbler Supplies (air pump, aquarium tubing, check valve, "T" divider, bubbler stones)

*The Lucky Crab Co pools come with a built in bubbler system, so you would only need the tubing, air pump, and T divider!

How to Set Up Bubblers

Pool Maintenance

If you have bubblers, clean out your pools once a week. If you do not have bubblers, clean out every other day. Dump and replace water, can use toothbrush to get in grooves and help scrub off any grime. Use paper towel to dry and wipe off grime as well. 

Hermit Crab Water Care Video

 

 

Heat and Humidity 

Proper Heat and Humidity Video

Hermit crabs come from tropical climates. The species most commonly sold as pets, "purple pinchers", come from the Caribbean. It is crucial to their survival to replicate the same conditions as the tropical climates from where they came. Without proper heat and humidity, they will not survive.

Heat

Hermit crabs are cold blooded animals and do not produce body heat. Temperatures in your hermit crabs tank should ideally always be between 75- 80 degrees F. Exotic species of hermit crab, (different than purple pinchers), may require warmer temperatures around 84-85 degrees F. 

You will need a UTH (under the tank heat pad). DO NOT place under the tank, despite it's name. Heat pads for hermit crabs should only be placed on outside walls of tank. The entire back length of your tanks exterior back wall should be covered by a heat pad. Measure your back wall and buy heat pad accordingly. Here are some good spots to order UTH's from:

Reptile Basics

Bean Farm

You will also need insulation for your UTH's so the tank will retain the heat. Cut the insulation to size, and can attach the heat pads to tank and insulation on top via packing tape. 

 

Humidity

Hermit Crabs have modified gills and need proper humidity levels to survive. Without proper humidity, they can suffocate and die. Humidity in your tank should ideally always be between 75%-85%. Exotic species, (different than purple pinchers), may require higher levels such as 84%-85%.

Ways to create and maintain humidity:

• Heat pads 
• Completely sealed glass / plexi glass lid
• Sand castle consistency substrate (see "Substrate" tab)
• Bubblers in pools
• Add sphagnum moss dampened with primed water near heat pads

Proper Lids

In order to keep proper heat and humidity within your hermit crabs tank, it is important to have a completely sealed glass / plexi glass lid. Hermit crabs do not require oxygen the same way humans do, so don't worry about leaving any holes or cracks in the lid for them. They get plenty of oxygen flow whenever you open up tank to feed them!

Check your local pet stores or online for glass lids that are made for the size and type of tank you have. Or, you can get a plexi glass lid cut to size at your local hardware store. Make sure to add a couple of inches to your dimensions when you go to get lid cut, this way it can lay nicely on top of tank. 

If you are unable to acquire a glass or plexi glass lid at the time, tin foil can be used as a temporary lid. 

Hygrometers

It is important to be able to properly track your hermit crabs tank conditions. A hygrometer will tell you the heat and humidity inside of tank. Use a digital hygrometer instead of an analog one, they are much more accurate.

Make sure to calibrate your hygrometers before using:

How to calibrate hygrometers

Hygrometers should be placed a few inches above substrate, and in the center of your tank. You can use zip ties if needed.

Thermostat

The thermostat will help regulate the heat pads. The thermostat comes with a probe. Insert probe against the inside back wall of tank, in the middle of your tank. Probe should be a few inches (around 4 inches) above substrate. Set the thermostat to a desired temperature, ideally around 80 degrees F. Plug heat pad into thermostat, and plug thermostat into outlet. Now, when it gets too hot in tank and reaches temperature above the one you set on thermostat, the thermostat will automatically turn off heat pad. When temperatures reach under the set temperature, the thermostat will turn heat pad back on. Here is helpful video that I used when setting up my thermostat: setting up thermostat.

Substrate

Proper substrate in your hermit crabs tank is crucial to allow successful molts to happen and to replicate their native environment.

Substrate in your hermit crab tanks should consist of a mix of 5:1 ratio of children's play sand to Eco Earth (coconut fiber), so the majority of your substrate should consist play sand. You can find 50 pound bags of play sand at your local hardware store for cheap. DO NOT use calcium sand.

Eco Earth comes in brick form or shredded in a bag. If you get the bricks, you will have to break the bricks up in primed water, and let it completely dry. Getting it in the bag will save you time, that step had already been done for you. 

Substrate should be minimum 6 inches deep, but aim for higher. 

Substrate should be sand castle consistency. So if you poke your finger in the substrate, the hole will hold its shape. This is important for molting, so when your hermit crab digs underground and makes tunnels, the tunnels will hold shape and not collapse around them and suffocate them. 

If your substrate isn't passing the "poke test", you can add a cup or two of primed water and mix it all in with the rest of substrate. Goal is to have sand castle consistency substrate- not too wet at all, but moist enough so tunnels hold shape! Start off with dry substrate and add the water if needed.

Helpful visual on creating substrate

No need to ever re-do your substrate unless: 

• Flooding in tank 
• Bug problem 
• Fungal bloom outbreak
• Upgrading to a new tank

Helpful Substrate Video

 

 

 

Molting

Molting is a fragile and vulnerable process a hermit crab will go through to grow. Just as a snake sheds it's skin, a hermit crab sheds it's exoskeleton. Hermit crabs will dig under ground to molt, they do not leave their shells during this process. It is important to have proper sand castle consistency substrate for molting. 

Molting can take anywhere from a couple of weeks to many months. On average a larger hermit crab will molt less frequently and for longer, while smaller hermit crabs will molt more frequently for a shorter time. 

Hermit crabs will eat the exoskeleton they shedded while underground still. It is a great source of calcium for them that will help harden their new exoskeleton. Hermit crabs will not come up to eat or drink while molting. They have a "molt sac" which stores water for them which they will utilize while underground molting. You might notice that your hermit crabs have a big appetite before they go under to molt as they are prepping for "molt camp"! :)

NEVER go looking or digging around for your hermit crabs. They are nocturnal anyways, so they will most likely be out at night opposed to daytime. Do not be worried if you can't seem to find them, when in doubt- assume they are underground molting! Disturbing a molting hermit crab could gravely injure them or even kill them. Be careful not to disturb the substrate, as it could cause their tunnels to collapse and suffocate them

Hermit crabs can resort to cannibalism if their dietary needs are not being met. There are cases a hermit crab will dig up and eat a molting hermit crab out of survival. Make sure plenty of animal protein is offered in your hermit crabs diet so there is never a need for your hermit crabs to have to resort to that for survival / compete for resources.

Molting Video

Shells

Hermit crabs need shells to survive. Shells provide protection from predators and shelter from the hot sun. Hermit crabs also store water inside their shells. It is important your hermit crabs have properly fitting shells, with a high variety to choose from. As hermit crabs grow, they will need bigger shells to change into.

Hermit crabs each will have a personal preference with what kind of shells they like. Purple Pinchers are known to like turbo shells, and exotics seem to prefer "D" shape openings. It is a good idea to provide plenty of different options in size and shape so each hermit crab has a wide variety selection to choose from.

For every hermit crab, have around 5 suitable shell options offered. So if you have 5 hermit crabs, have around 25 shells offered. By having a wide variety for them to choose from, they won't feel need to compete for resources and "shell- jack" each other. 

Having trouble determining which size shells to get? Check out Hermit Harbor's shell sizing template.

Places to get shells from:

Hermit Harbor

The Shell Store

My Hungry Hermit

Happy Crabby

Janie's Amazon Storefront

 

What to do if your hermit crab leaves it's shell

Bugs in Your Tank?

Bugs in your hermit crab tank is sometimes inevitable. It is not always a bad thing, some are a natural clean up crew and can actually benefit your tank (without them getting out of hand in numbers). Some owners will intentionally incorporate a isopods and/ or springtails to work as a clean up crew. However, sometimes there can be harmful bugs that infiltrate your tank, such as ants.

Here are some helpful resources tailored for different bug situations!

Guide to Bugs in Your Hermit Crab Tank

Hermit Crabs and Mites

Mite Cleaning Video

Ants in Tank

Janie's Grain Mite Cleaning

Isopods and Hermit Crabs

 

 

Adoption / Rehoming

It is important to advocate for adopting, not shopping. When we buy a hermit crab  from a pet store or beach shop, we are funding the cruel pet trade and perpetuating it, since those hermit crabs bought will just be replaced. Adopting is a great way to rescue hermit crabs in need of homes, without putting money into the pockets of the industry. The goal is to keep wild crabs wild- and there is no supply if no demand!

Make sure to join the Facebook groups. Follow their rules and post accordingly about your situation! If you are rehoming, make sure you are giving them to a good home where they will receive proper care. 

Hermit Crab Adoption Group

Hermit Crab Lovers

Hermit Crab Adoption Center

 

Rehoming and Adoption Applications:

LHCOS Adoption

Hermit Harbor Adoption

PPDS Method for New Rescues

PPDS stands for "post purchase death syndrome". When a hermit crab comes from bad conditions, such as a beach shop, then their health and strength is really low. Hermit crabs coming from bad conditions are most likely desperate for a molt, however, if they are placed right into a main tank with the deep substrate and dig under to molt, they might not have the strength or energy to have a successful molt and could die. 

The PPDS method works as a small "rehab" tank, with very shallow substrate (less than 1 inch), so the weak hermit crab cannot dig under to molt and risk dying. Diet is key in a PPDS tank so the hermit crab can get all the nutrients it has been lacking. Over a couple weeks or so, the hermit crab will be healthy enough to go into the main tank, where it can have a successful molt! 

If you adopt a hermit crab from a proper home where it came from good conditions and diet, then no need to do the PPDS method. PPDS method is for weak hermit crabs coming from bad / unhealthy conditions.

Below is helpful link that goes more in depth about the PPDS method and how to execute it:)

The Crab Street Journal PPDS Method

Building a Tank Topper

If you are ready to upgrade your tank game, you can add more climbing/ vertical space to your hermit crabs tank by adding a topper. Ideally, a tank topper will be an Exo Terra tank, flipped upside down, with front opening doors for easy access. Below are helpful visuals about the process!

How to Build Tank Topper

Janie's Topper Building Playlist on TikTok

Tank Set Up

It is important to replicate a tropical, Caribbean environment for your hermit crabs from where they are native. Hermit crabs are natural animals of prey so having a lot of hiding spots and cover is important to make them feel safe and protected. They are also nocturnal animals, so they like to snuggle and sleep in hides and moss/ foraging pits during the day. Hermit crabs love to climb and explore, so have ltos of fun climbing pieces and enrichment for them. Here are things you will want to have to optimize your hermit crabs tank:

• climbing accessories (Norton's Nest hammock!:) )
• hiding accessories
• salt water pool
• fresh water pool
• "Shell shop"
• leaf litter / foraging items
• green sand
• worm castings
• A wheel
• dinner dish 
• fake plants and greenery 

Some tank tours of mine to give you inspo!:

80 Gallon Tank Tour

55 Gallon Tank Tour

40 Gallon Tank Tour

Norton's MTV Crib Tour